Methanesulfonic Acid and Non-Sea-Salt Sulfate over Both Hemispheric Oceans

Marine biogenic and anthropogenic contributions to non-sea-salt sulfate in the marine boundary layer over the North Atlantic Ocean

[1] As a part of the Atmosphere/Ocean Chemistry Experiment (AEROCE), daily aerosol samples were collected in the marine boundary layer at Barbados, West Indies (13.17 N, 59.43 W), Bermuda (32.27 N, 64.87 W), and Mace Head, Ireland (53.32 N, 9.85 W), and in the free troposphere at Izaña, Tenerife, Canary Islands (28.30 N, 16.48 W; 2360 m asl). In this report, we use multiple variable regression ...

Sulfate Formation in Sea-Salt Aerosols: Constraints from Oxygen Isotopes

[1] We use observations of the mass-independent oxygen isotopic composition (DO) of sulfate in the marine boundary layer (MBL) to quantify the sulfate source from aqueous SO2 (S(IV)) oxidation by O3 in alkaline sea-salt aerosols. Oxidation by O3 imparts a large DO signature to the resulting sulfate (8.8%) relative to oxidation by H2O2 (0.9%) or by OH or O2 (0%). Ship data from two Indian Ocean ...

Vapor Phase Esterification over Sodium Acid Sulfate

Catalyzed sulfonation of methane to methanesulfonic acid

Direct sulfonation of methane with SO3 to methanesulfonic acid (MSA) and methylbisulfate was investigated in sulfuric acid using Hg(I), Hg(II), and Rh(III)-salts as catalysts. O2 was found to be an important component for the regeneration of the catalyst. The effects of O2 pressure, temperature, SO3 concentration, methane pressure, and catalyst concentration were examined on the rates of SO3 co...

From Sea to Sea: Canada's Three Oceans of Biodiversity

Evaluating and understanding biodiversity in marine ecosystems are both necessary and challenging for conservation. This paper compiles and summarizes current knowledge of the diversity of marine taxa in Canada's three oceans while recognizing that this compilation is incomplete and will change in the future. That Canada has the longest coastline in the world and incorporates distinctly differe...